{"id":98772,"date":"2026-10-13T16:49:39","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T14:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aladdin.si\/etericna-olja-od-rastline-do-steklenicke\/"},"modified":"2026-10-18T18:13:08","modified_gmt":"2026-10-18T16:13:08","slug":"esencialni-oleje-od-rostliny-k-lahvicce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aladdin.si\/cs\/esencialni-oleje-od-rostliny-k-lahvicce\/","title":{"rendered":"Esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje: od rostliny k lahvi\u010dce"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kdy\u017e otev\u0159ete lahvi\u010dku dobr\u00e9ho esenci\u00e1ln\u00edho oleje, v\u016fn\u011b nen\u00ed jen p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 \u2013 je \u017eiv\u00e1. \u010cerstv\u00fd pomeran\u010d von\u00ed jako pr\u00e1v\u011b oloupan\u00e9 ovoce, jehli\u010dnany jako les po de\u0161ti. Tent\u00fd\u017e olej v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee po n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch na nevhodn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b tuto sv\u011b\u017eest ztratit. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m uk\u00e1\u017eeme, jak esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje vznikaj\u00ed, odkud poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ty na\u0161e, podle \u010deho pozn\u00e1te kvalitu a pro\u010d v Aladdin Perfume House rad\u011bji pracujeme v men\u0161\u00edch \u0161ar\u017e\u00edch ne\u017e s velk\u00fdmi z\u00e1sobami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je vlastn\u011b esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed olej<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed olej je sm\u011bs t\u011bkav\u00fdch vonn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 rostlina ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 v listech, kv\u011btech, slupce plod\u016f, d\u0159ev\u011b nebo prysky\u0159ici. Navzdory n\u00e1zvu nejde o \u201eolej“ v kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9m smyslu slova: neobsahuje tuky, tak\u017ee na pap\u00ed\u0159e nezanech\u00e1 mastnou skvrnu, ale vyprch\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed norma ISO 9235<\/strong> pova\u017euje za esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed olej pouze produkt z\u00edskan\u00fd destilac\u00ed vodn\u00ed parou, suchou destilac\u00ed nebo mechanick\u00fdm lisov\u00e1n\u00edm slupky citrus\u016f. Vonn\u00e9 extrakty z\u00edskan\u00e9 rozpou\u0161t\u011bdly (absoluta, nap\u0159. jasm\u00edn) nebo oxidem uhli\u010dit\u00fdm (CO\u2082 extrakty) mohou b\u00fdt vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed, v p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9m smyslu v\u0161ak nejde o esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak se z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Infografika:<\/a>
Dva zp\u016fsoby z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed esenci\u00e1ln\u00edch olej\u016f: destilace vodn\u00ed parou a lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za studena. Ilustrace: Aladdin Perfume House<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Je to nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob. Rostlinn\u00fd materi\u00e1l \u2013 listy, kv\u011bty, d\u0159evo nebo prysky\u0159ice \u2013 se vlo\u017e\u00ed do destila\u010dn\u00edho kotle, kter\u00fdm se vede hork\u00e1 p\u00e1ra. P\u00e1ra uvol\u0148uje z rostlinn\u00fdch bun\u011bk t\u011bkav\u00e9 vonn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a un\u00e1\u0161\u00ed je s sebou. V chladi\u010di p\u00e1ra i olej kondenzuj\u00ed a v j\u00edmac\u00ed n\u00e1dob\u011b se olej, kter\u00fd se s vodou nem\u00eds\u00ed, od n\u00ed odd\u011bl\u00ed. Voda, kter\u00e1 z\u016fstane, je hydrol\u00e1t \u2013 jemn\u00e1 kv\u011btinov\u00e1 nebo bylinn\u00e1 voda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Destilace vy\u017eaduje zku\u0161enosti. Je-li p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 kr\u00e1tk\u00e1, nezachyt\u00ed t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed, hlub\u0161\u00ed t\u00f3ny; je-li p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00e1 a hork\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee v\u016fni \u201ep\u0159eva\u0159it“. D\u0159evo a prysky\u0159ice se destiluj\u00ed mnohem d\u00e9le ne\u017e listy a kv\u011bty. Takto vznik\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina na\u0161ich olej\u016f: od tea tree a eukalyptu po cedr, kadidlo a pelargonii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lisov\u00e1n\u00ed slupky za studena<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Citrusov\u00e9 oleje \u2013 pomeran\u010d, mandarinka, citron, grapefruit a bergamot \u2013 jsou ulo\u017eeny v drobn\u00fdch olejov\u00fdch \u017el\u00e1zk\u00e1ch ve slupce. Ty se otev\u00edraj\u00ed mechanick\u00fdm lisov\u00e1n\u00edm bez tepla a olej se pak v odst\u0159edivce odd\u011bl\u00ed od \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy a vody. Proto\u017ee se nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 teplo, v\u016fn\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161\u0165avnat\u00e1 a jisk\u0159iv\u00e1, p\u0159esn\u011b takov\u00e1, jakou zn\u00e1me z \u010derstv\u011b oloupan\u00e9ho ovoce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st sv\u011btov\u00e9ho pomeran\u010dov\u00e9ho oleje vznik\u00e1 spolu s pomeran\u010dovou \u0161\u0165\u00e1vou, v\u011bt\u0161inou v Braz\u00edlii. Proto je pomeran\u010dov\u00fd olej jedn\u00edm z cenov\u011b nejdostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch esenci\u00e1ln\u00edch olej\u016f \u2013 co\u017e neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed hodnotu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolik rostliny se vejde do jedn\u00e9 lahvi\u010dky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdt\u011b\u017enost se mezi rostlinami velmi li\u0161\u00ed. 100 kg list\u016f eukalyptu d\u00e1 3 a\u017e 4 kg oleje, stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed prysky\u0159ice kadidla jen asi 0,4 kg. R\u016f\u017ee je extr\u00e9mn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad: na kilogram oleje je pot\u0159eba 3,5 a\u017e 5 tun okv\u011btn\u00edch l\u00edstk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Graf:<\/a>
P\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e1 v\u00fdt\u011b\u017enost p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b esenci\u00e1ln\u00edch olej\u016f (zdroj: Malle & Schmickl, shrnul AromaWeb). Ilustrace: Aladdin Perfume House<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n

Co n\u00e1m to \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 o cen\u011b?<\/strong>
Cena esenci\u00e1ln\u00edho oleje odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm to, kolik rostlinn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu a pr\u00e1ce je v n\u011bm \u2013 ne nutn\u011b jeho kvalitu. Levn\u00fd olej nen\u00ed automaticky \u0161patn\u00fd. P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b levn\u00fd \u201edrah\u00fd“ olej, nap\u0159\u00edklad r\u016f\u017eov\u00fd nebo kadidlov\u00fd, je v\u0161ak d\u016fvodem k opatrnosti.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Odkud poch\u00e1zej\u00ed na\u0161e oleje<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tat\u00e1\u017e rostlina von\u00ed jinak, kdy\u017e roste na druh\u00e9m konci sv\u011bta. Klima, nadmo\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka, p\u016fda a doba sklizn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed oleje, proto u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho oleje uv\u00e1d\u00edme latinsk\u00fd n\u00e1zev a zemi p\u016fvodu. V\u011bt\u0161ina na\u0161ich olej\u016f poch\u00e1z\u00ed z m\u00edst, kde rostlina tradi\u010dn\u011b prosp\u00edv\u00e1: tea tree z Austr\u00e1lie, odkud poch\u00e1z\u00ed, levandule z Francie, sko\u0159ice ze Sr\u00ed Lanky, ylang ylang z Komor, kadidlo ze Som\u00e1lska a jalovec z hor Severn\u00ed Makedonie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ji\u017e v nab\u00eddce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Olej<\/th>Latinsk\u00fd n\u00e1zev<\/th>Zem\u011b p\u016fvodu<\/th>\u010c\u00e1st rostliny<\/th>Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Tea tree (\u010dajovn\u00edk)<\/td>Melaleuca alternifolia<\/em><\/td>Austr\u00e1lie<\/td>listy a v\u011btvi\u010dky<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Citronov\u00e1 tr\u00e1va<\/td>Cymbopogon citratus<\/em><\/td>Guatemala<\/td>listy<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Eukalyptus<\/td>Eucalyptus globulus<\/em><\/td>\u010c\u00edna<\/td>listy a v\u011btvi\u010dky<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Bergamot<\/td>Citrus bergamia<\/em><\/td>Pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed slonoviny<\/td>slupka plodu<\/td>lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za studena<\/td><\/tr>
Sladk\u00fd pomeran\u010d<\/td>Citrus sinensis<\/em><\/td>Braz\u00edlie<\/td>slupka plodu<\/td>lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za studena<\/td><\/tr>
Cedr virginsk\u00fd<\/td>Juniperus virginiana<\/em><\/td>USA<\/td>d\u0159evo<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Kadidlo<\/td>Boswellia carterii<\/em><\/td>Som\u00e1lsko<\/td>prysky\u0159ice<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Pelargonie (geranium)<\/td>Pelargonium graveolens<\/em><\/td>Egypt<\/td>listy, stonky, kv\u011bty<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Brzy v nab\u00eddce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Olej<\/th>Latinsk\u00fd n\u00e1zev<\/th>Zem\u011b p\u016fvodu<\/th>\u010c\u00e1st rostliny<\/th>Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Levandule<\/td>Lavandula angustifolia<\/em><\/td>Francie<\/td>kvetouc\u00ed vr\u0161ky<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
M\u00e1ta peprn\u00e1<\/td>Mentha \u00d7 piperita<\/em><\/td>Indie<\/td>kvetouc\u00ed na\u0165<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Rozmar\u00fdn<\/td>Rosmarinus officinalis<\/em><\/td>\u0160pan\u011blsko<\/td>kvetouc\u00ed vr\u0161ky<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Tymi\u00e1n \u010derven\u00fd<\/td>Thymus vulgaris<\/em><\/td>\u0160pan\u011blsko<\/td>listy<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Citron<\/td>Citrus limon<\/em><\/td>It\u00e1lie<\/td>slupka plodu<\/td>lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za studena<\/td><\/tr>
Mandarinka<\/td>Citrus nobilis<\/em><\/td>It\u00e1lie<\/td>slupka plodu<\/td>lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za studena<\/td><\/tr>
Grapefruit<\/td>Citrus paradisi<\/em><\/td>USA<\/td>slupka plodu<\/td>lisov\u00e1n\u00ed za studena<\/td><\/tr>
Sko\u0159ice (list)<\/td>Cinnamomum zeylanicum<\/em><\/td>Sr\u00ed Lanka<\/td>listy a v\u011btvi\u010dky<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
H\u0159eb\u00ed\u010dek (list)<\/td>Eugenia caryophyllata<\/em><\/td>Madagaskar<\/td>listy<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Bady\u00e1n (hv\u011bzdicov\u00fd an\u00fdz)<\/td>Illicium verum<\/em><\/td>\u010c\u00edna<\/td>plody<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Borovice lesn\u00ed<\/td>Pinus sylvestris<\/em><\/td>Sibi\u0159<\/td>jehlice<\/td>destilace<\/td><\/tr>
Jedlovec kanadsk\u00fd<\/td>Tsuga canadensis<\/em><\/td>USA<\/td>jehlice a v\u011btvi\u010dky<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Jalovec<\/td>Juniperus communis<\/em><\/td>Severn\u00ed Makedonie<\/td>bobule<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Pa\u010duli<\/td>Pogostemon cablin<\/em><\/td>Indon\u00e9sie<\/td>su\u0161en\u00e9 listy<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr>
Ylang ylang<\/td>Cananga odorata<\/em><\/td>Komory<\/td>kv\u011bty<\/td>destilace vodn\u00ed parou<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kadidlo bude brzy k dispozici tak\u00e9 jako 100% \u010dist\u00fd esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed olej. Dosavadn\u00ed 5% sm\u011bs kadidla v oleji z hroznov\u00fdch jader<\/a> z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 k dispozici mezi vonn\u00fdmi sm\u011bsmi<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak poznat kvalitn\u00ed esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed olej<\/h2>\n\n\n\n